armi.nucDirectory.elements module

This module provides fundamental element information to be used throughout the framework and applications.

Implementation: A tool for querying basic data for elements of the periodic table. I_ARMI_ND_ELEMENTS0

The elements module defines the Element class which acts as a data structure for organizing information about an individual element, including number of protons, name, chemical symbol, phase (at STP), periodic table group, standard weight, and a list of isotope nuclideBase instances. The module includes a factory that generates the Element instances by reading from the elements.dat file stored in the ARMI resources folder. When an Element instance is initialized, it is added to a set of global dictionaries that are keyed by number of protons, element name, and element symbol. The module includes several helper functions for querying these global dictionaries.

The element class structure is outlined here.

../_images/pyr_classes_armi.nucDirectory.elements.png

Examples

>>> elements.byZ[92]
<Element   U (Z=92), Uranium, ChemicalGroup.ACTINIDE, ChemicalPhase.SOLID>

>>> elements.bySymbol["U"]
<Element   U (Z=92), Uranium, ChemicalGroup.ACTINIDE, ChemicalPhase.SOLID>

>>> elements.byName["Uranium"]
<Element   U (Z=92), Uranium, ChemicalGroup.ACTINIDE, ChemicalPhase.SOLID>

Retrieve gaseous elements at Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP):

>>> elements.getElementsByChemicalPhase(elements.ChemicalPhase.GAS)
    [<Element   H (Z=1), Hydrogen, ChemicalGroup.NONMETAL, ChemicalPhase.GAS>,
     <Element  HE (Z=2), Helium, ChemicalGroup.NOBLE_GAS, ChemicalPhase.GAS>,
     <Element   N (Z=7), Nitrogen, ChemicalGroup.NONMETAL, ChemicalPhase.GAS>,
     <Element   O (Z=8), Oxygen, ChemicalGroup.NONMETAL, ChemicalPhase.GAS>,
     <Element   F (Z=9), Fluorine, ChemicalGroup.HALOGEN, ChemicalPhase.GAS>,
     <Element  NE (Z=10), Neon, ChemicalGroup.NOBLE_GAS, ChemicalPhase.GAS>,
     <Element  CL (Z=17), Chlorine, ChemicalGroup.HALOGEN, ChemicalPhase.GAS>,
     <Element  AR (Z=18), Argon, ChemicalGroup.NOBLE_GAS, ChemicalPhase.GAS>,
     <Element  KR (Z=36), Krypton, ChemicalGroup.NOBLE_GAS, ChemicalPhase.GAS>,
     <Element  XE (Z=54), Xenon, ChemicalGroup.NOBLE_GAS, ChemicalPhase.GAS>,
     <Element  RN (Z=86), Radon, ChemicalGroup.NOBLE_GAS, ChemicalPhase.GAS>,
     <Element  OG (Z=118), Oganesson, ChemicalGroup.NOBLE_GAS, ChemicalPhase.GAS>]

Retrieve elements that are classified as actinides:

>>> elements.getElementsByChemicalGroup(elements.ChemicalGroup.ACTINIDE)
   [<Element  AC (Z=89), Actinium, ChemicalGroup.ACTINIDE, ChemicalPhase.SOLID>,
    <Element  TH (Z=90), Thorium, ChemicalGroup.ACTINIDE, ChemicalPhase.SOLID>,
    <Element  PA (Z=91), Protactinium, ChemicalGroup.ACTINIDE, ChemicalPhase.SOLID>,
    <Element   U (Z=92), Uranium, ChemicalGroup.ACTINIDE, ChemicalPhase.SOLID>,
    <Element  NP (Z=93), Neptunium, ChemicalGroup.ACTINIDE, ChemicalPhase.SOLID>,
    <Element  PU (Z=94), Plutonium, ChemicalGroup.ACTINIDE, ChemicalPhase.SOLID>,
    <Element  AM (Z=95), Americium, ChemicalGroup.ACTINIDE, ChemicalPhase.SOLID>,
    <Element  CM (Z=96), Curium, ChemicalGroup.ACTINIDE, ChemicalPhase.SOLID>,
    <Element  BK (Z=97), Berkelium, ChemicalGroup.ACTINIDE, ChemicalPhase.SOLID>,
    <Element  CF (Z=98), Californium, ChemicalGroup.ACTINIDE, ChemicalPhase.SOLID>,
    <Element  ES (Z=99), Einsteinium, ChemicalGroup.ACTINIDE, ChemicalPhase.SOLID>,
    <Element  FM (Z=100), Fermium, ChemicalGroup.ACTINIDE, ChemicalPhase.SOLID>,
    <Element  MD (Z=101), Mendelevium, ChemicalGroup.ACTINIDE, ChemicalPhase.SOLID>,
    <Element  NO (Z=102), Nobelium, ChemicalGroup.ACTINIDE, ChemicalPhase.SOLID>,
    <Element  LR (Z=103), Lawrencium, ChemicalGroup.ACTINIDE, ChemicalPhase.SOLID>]

For specific data on nuclides within each element, refer to the nuclide bases summary table.

List of elements
z	name	symbol	phase	group	is naturally occurring?	is heavy metal?	num. nuclides
`1`	`Hydrogen`	`H`	`ChemicalPhase.GAS`	`ChemicalGroup.NONMETAL`	`True`	`False`	`8`
`2`	`Helium`	`HE`	`ChemicalPhase.GAS`	`ChemicalGroup.NOBLE_GAS`	`True`	`False`	`9`
`3`	`Lithium`	`LI`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.ALKALI_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`12`
`4`	`Beryllium`	`BE`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.ALKALINE_EARTH_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`13`
`5`	`Boron`	`B`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.METALLOID`	`True`	`False`	`17`
`6`	`Carbon`	`C`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.NONMETAL`	`True`	`False`	`17`
`7`	`Nitrogen`	`N`	`ChemicalPhase.GAS`	`ChemicalGroup.NONMETAL`	`True`	`False`	`17`
`8`	`Oxygen`	`O`	`ChemicalPhase.GAS`	`ChemicalGroup.NONMETAL`	`True`	`False`	`19`
`9`	`Fluorine`	`F`	`ChemicalPhase.GAS`	`ChemicalGroup.HALOGEN`	`True`	`False`	`21`
`10`	`Neon`	`NE`	`ChemicalPhase.GAS`	`ChemicalGroup.NOBLE_GAS`	`True`	`False`	`21`
`11`	`Sodium`	`NA`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.ALKALI_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`25`
`12`	`Magnesium`	`MG`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.ALKALINE_EARTH_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`24`
`13`	`Aluminium`	`AL`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.POST_TRANSITION_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`26`
`14`	`Silicon`	`SI`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.METALLOID`	`True`	`False`	`25`
`15`	`Phosphorus`	`P`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.NONMETAL`	`True`	`False`	`25`
`16`	`Sulfur`	`S`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.NONMETAL`	`True`	`False`	`25`
`17`	`Chlorine`	`CL`	`ChemicalPhase.GAS`	`ChemicalGroup.HALOGEN`	`True`	`False`	`28`
`18`	`Argon`	`AR`	`ChemicalPhase.GAS`	`ChemicalGroup.NOBLE_GAS`	`True`	`False`	`27`
`19`	`Potassium`	`K`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.ALKALI_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`32`
`20`	`Calcium`	`CA`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.ALKALINE_EARTH_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`30`
`21`	`Scandium`	`SC`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`37`
`22`	`Titanium`	`TI`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`32`
`23`	`Vanadium`	`V`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`35`
`24`	`Chromium`	`CR`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`34`
`25`	`Manganese`	`MN`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`39`
`26`	`Iron`	`FE`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`38`
`27`	`Cobalt`	`CO`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`41`
`28`	`Nickel`	`NI`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`39`
`29`	`Copper`	`CU`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`38`
`30`	`Zinc`	`ZN`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`42`
`31`	`Gallium`	`GA`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.POST_TRANSITION_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`38`
`32`	`Germanium`	`GE`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.METALLOID`	`True`	`False`	`42`
`33`	`Arsenic`	`AS`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.METALLOID`	`True`	`False`	`41`
`34`	`Selenium`	`SE`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.NONMETAL`	`True`	`False`	`42`
`35`	`Bromine`	`BR`	`ChemicalPhase.LIQUID`	`ChemicalGroup.HALOGEN`	`True`	`False`	`48`
`36`	`Krypton`	`KR`	`ChemicalPhase.GAS`	`ChemicalGroup.NOBLE_GAS`	`True`	`False`	`42`
`37`	`Rubidium`	`RB`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.ALKALI_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`44`
`38`	`Strontium`	`SR`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.ALKALINE_EARTH_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`41`
`39`	`Yttrium`	`Y`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`57`
`40`	`Zirconium`	`ZR`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`43`
`41`	`Niobium`	`NB`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`57`
`42`	`Molybdenum`	`MO`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`44`
`43`	`Technetium`	`TC`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`False`	`False`	`56`
`44`	`Ruthenium`	`RU`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`48`
`45`	`Rhodium`	`RH`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`64`
`46`	`Palladium`	`PD`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`53`
`47`	`Silver`	`AG`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`74`
`48`	`Cadmium`	`CD`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`56`
`49`	`Indium`	`IN`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.POST_TRANSITION_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`88`
`50`	`Tin`	`SN`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.POST_TRANSITION_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`59`
`51`	`Antimony`	`SB`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.METALLOID`	`True`	`False`	`64`
`52`	`Tellurium`	`TE`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.METALLOID`	`True`	`False`	`56`
`53`	`Iodine`	`I`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.HALOGEN`	`True`	`False`	`53`
`54`	`Xenon`	`XE`	`ChemicalPhase.GAS`	`ChemicalGroup.NOBLE_GAS`	`True`	`False`	`54`
`55`	`Cesium`	`CS`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.ALKALI_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`63`
`56`	`Barium`	`BA`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.ALKALINE_EARTH_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`53`
`57`	`Lanthanum`	`LA`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.LANTHANIDE`	`True`	`False`	`57`
`58`	`Cerium`	`CE`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.LANTHANIDE`	`True`	`False`	`53`
`59`	`Praseodymium`	`PR`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.LANTHANIDE`	`True`	`False`	`53`
`60`	`Neodymium`	`ND`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.LANTHANIDE`	`True`	`False`	`51`
`61`	`Promethium`	`PM`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.LANTHANIDE`	`False`	`False`	`57`
`62`	`Samarium`	`SM`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.LANTHANIDE`	`True`	`False`	`52`
`63`	`Europium`	`EU`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.LANTHANIDE`	`True`	`False`	`56`
`64`	`Gadolinium`	`GD`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.LANTHANIDE`	`True`	`False`	`48`
`65`	`Terbium`	`TB`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.LANTHANIDE`	`True`	`False`	`62`
`66`	`Dysprosium`	`DY`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.LANTHANIDE`	`True`	`False`	`48`
`67`	`Holmium`	`HO`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.LANTHANIDE`	`True`	`False`	`64`
`68`	`Erbium`	`ER`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.LANTHANIDE`	`True`	`False`	`47`
`69`	`Thulium`	`TM`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.LANTHANIDE`	`True`	`False`	`55`
`70`	`Ytterbium`	`YB`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.LANTHANIDE`	`True`	`False`	`50`
`71`	`Lutetium`	`LU`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.LANTHANIDE`	`True`	`False`	`70`
`72`	`Hafnium`	`HF`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`54`
`73`	`Tantalum`	`TA`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`57`
`74`	`Tungsten`	`W`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`50`
`75`	`Rhenium`	`RE`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`65`
`76`	`Osmium`	`OS`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`52`
`77`	`Iridium`	`IR`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`76`
`78`	`Platinum`	`PT`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`60`
`79`	`Gold`	`AU`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`75`
`80`	`Mercury`	`HG`	`ChemicalPhase.LIQUID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`61`
`81`	`Thallium`	`TL`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.POST_TRANSITION_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`75`
`82`	`Lead`	`PB`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.POST_TRANSITION_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`67`
`83`	`Bismuth`	`BI`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.POST_TRANSITION_METAL`	`True`	`False`	`78`
`84`	`Polonium`	`PO`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.METALLOID`	`False`	`False`	`57`
`85`	`Astatine`	`AT`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.HALOGEN`	`False`	`False`	`57`
`86`	`Radon`	`RN`	`ChemicalPhase.GAS`	`ChemicalGroup.NOBLE_GAS`	`False`	`False`	`48`
`87`	`Francium`	`FR`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.ALKALI_METAL`	`False`	`False`	`50`
`88`	`Radium`	`RA`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.ALKALINE_EARTH_METAL`	`False`	`False`	`44`
`89`	`Actinium`	`AC`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.ACTINIDE`	`False`	`False`	`40`
`90`	`Thorium`	`TH`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.ACTINIDE`	`True`	`True`	`38`
`91`	`Protactinium`	`PA`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.ACTINIDE`	`True`	`True`	`38`
`92`	`Uranium`	`U`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.ACTINIDE`	`True`	`True`	`34`
`93`	`Neptunium`	`NP`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.ACTINIDE`	`False`	`True`	`33`
`94`	`Plutonium`	`PU`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.ACTINIDE`	`False`	`True`	`34`
`95`	`Americium`	`AM`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.ACTINIDE`	`False`	`True`	`40`
`96`	`Curium`	`CM`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.ACTINIDE`	`False`	`True`	`27`
`97`	`Berkelium`	`BK`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.ACTINIDE`	`False`	`True`	`28`
`98`	`Californium`	`CF`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.ACTINIDE`	`False`	`True`	`25`
`99`	`Einsteinium`	`ES`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.ACTINIDE`	`False`	`True`	`28`
`100`	`Fermium`	`FM`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.ACTINIDE`	`False`	`True`	`26`
`101`	`Mendelevium`	`MD`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.ACTINIDE`	`False`	`True`	`28`
`102`	`Nobelium`	`NO`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.ACTINIDE`	`False`	`True`	`25`
`103`	`Lawrencium`	`LR`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.ACTINIDE`	`False`	`True`	`25`
`104`	`Rutherfordium`	`RF`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`False`	`True`	`24`
`105`	`Dubnium`	`DB`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`False`	`True`	`24`
`106`	`Seaborgium`	`SG`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`False`	`True`	`19`
`107`	`Bohrium`	`BH`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`False`	`True`	`20`
`108`	`Hassium`	`HS`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`False`	`True`	`21`
`109`	`Meitnerium`	`MT`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`False`	`True`	`19`
`110`	`Darmstadtium`	`DS`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`False`	`True`	`20`
`111`	`Roentgenium`	`RG`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`False`	`True`	`15`
`112`	`Copernicium`	`CN`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.TRANSITION_METAL`	`False`	`True`	`13`
`113`	`Nihonium`	`NH`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.POST_TRANSITION_METAL`	`False`	`True`	`13`
`114`	`Flevrovium`	`FL`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.POST_TRANSITION_METAL`	`False`	`True`	`8`
`115`	`Moscovium`	`MC`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.POST_TRANSITION_METAL`	`False`	`True`	`6`
`116`	`Livermorium`	`LV`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.POST_TRANSITION_METAL`	`False`	`True`	`5`
`117`	`Tennessine`	`TS`	`ChemicalPhase.SOLID`	`ChemicalGroup.HALOGEN`	`False`	`True`	`4`
`118`	`Oganesson`	`OG`	`ChemicalPhase.GAS`	`ChemicalGroup.NOBLE_GAS`	`False`	`True`	`3`
`119`	`Dummy`	`DP`	`ChemicalPhase.UNKNOWN`	`ChemicalGroup.UNKNOWN`	`False`	`True`	`2`
`120`	`LumpedFissionProduct`	`LP`	`ChemicalPhase.UNKNOWN`	`ChemicalGroup.UNKNOWN`	`False`	`True`	`6`

Notes

Currently, this module contains a lot of data in the global scope. But ARMI is in the process of encapsulating this data, moving it out of the global scope, making it part of the reactor data model, and making it configurable via Settings. Pardon the mess during this transition.

class armi.nucDirectory.elements.ChemicalPhase(value, names=<not given>, *values, module=None, qualname=None, type=None, start=1, boundary=None)[source]

Bases: Enum

GAS = 1

LIQUID = 2

SOLID = 3

UNKNOWN = 4

class armi.nucDirectory.elements.ChemicalGroup(value, names=<not given>, *values, module=None, qualname=None, type=None, start=1, boundary=None)[source]

Bases: Enum

ALKALI_METAL = 1

ALKALINE_EARTH_METAL = 2

NONMETAL = 3

TRANSITION_METAL = 4

POST_TRANSITION_METAL = 5

METALLOID = 6

HALOGEN = 7

NOBLE_GAS = 8

LANTHANIDE = 9

ACTINIDE = 10

UNKNOWN = 11

class armi.nucDirectory.elements.Element(z, symbol, name, phase='UNKNOWN', group='UNKNOWN', addToGlobal=True)[source]

Bases: object

Represents an element defined on the Periodic Table.

Creates an instance of an Element.

Implementation: An element of the periodic table. I_ARMI_ND_ELEMENTS1

signature: Element

requirements: R_ARMI_ND_ELEMENTS

The Element class acts as a data structure for organizing information about an individual element, including number of protons, name, chemical symbol, phase (at STP), periodic table group, standard weight, and a list of isotope nuclideBase instances.

The Element class has a few methods for appending additional isotopes, checking whether an isotope is naturally occurring, retrieving the natural isotopic abundance, or whether the element is a heavy metal.

Parameters:

z (int) – atomic number, number of protons
symbol (str) – element symbol
name (str) – element name
phase (str) – Chemical phase of the element at standard temperature and pressure (e.g., gas, liquid, solid).
group (str) – Chemical group of the element.

append(nuclide)[source]: Assigns and sorts the nuclide to the element and ensures no duplicates.

isNaturallyOccurring()[source]: Return True if the element is occurs in nature.

getNaturalIsotopics()[source]: Return a list of nuclides that are naturally occurring for this element.

Notes

This method will filter out any NaturalNuclideBases from the nuclides attribute.

isHeavyMetal()[source]: Return True if all nuclides belonging to the element are heavy metals.

Notes

Heavy metal in this instance is not related to an exact weight or density cut-off, but rather is designated for nuclear fuel burn-up evaluations, where the initial heavy metal mass within a component should be tracked. It is typical to include any element/nuclide above Actinium.

armi.nucDirectory.elements.getElementsByChemicalPhase(phase: ChemicalPhase) → List[Element][source]: Pass through to Elements.getElementsByChemicalPhase() for the global Elements object.

armi.nucDirectory.elements.getElementsByChemicalGroup(group: ChemicalGroup) → List[Element][source]: Pass through to Elements.getElementsByChemicalGroup() for the global Elements object.

armi.nucDirectory.elements.getName(z: int = None, symbol: str = None) → str[source]: Pass through to Elements.getName() for the global Elements object.

armi.nucDirectory.elements.getSymbol(z: int = None, name: str = None) → str[source]: Pass through to Elements.getSymbol() for the global Elements object.

armi.nucDirectory.elements.getElementZ(symbol: str = None, name: str = None) → int[source]: Pass through to Elements.getElementZ() for the global Elements object.

armi.nucDirectory.elements.factory()[source]: Pass through to Elements.factory() for the global Elements object.

armi.nucDirectory.elements.addGlobalElement(element: Element)[source]: Pass through to Elements.addElement() for the global Elements object.

armi.nucDirectory.elements.destroyGlobalElements()[source]: Pass through to Elements.clear() for the global Elements object.

class armi.nucDirectory.elements.Elements[source]

Bases: object

A container for all the elements information in the simulation.

By design, you would only expect to have one instance of this object in memory during a simulation.

Variables:

byZ (dict[int, Element]) – A dictionary to find Element objects by atomic number (integer Z).
byName (dict[str, Element]) – A dictionary to find Element objects by unique string identifier (“C”, “PU239”, “U235”, etc).
bySymbol (dict[str, Element]) – A dictionary to find Element objects by atomic symbol (“C”, “N”, “PU”, etc).
elementsFile (str) – File path to the custom ARMI “elements.dat” file.

clear()[source]: Empty all the data in this collection.

addElement(element: Element)[source]

Add an element to this collection.

Raises:: ValueError – If the element already exists in the collection.

factory()[source]: Generate the Elements instances.

getElementsByChemicalPhase(phase: ChemicalPhase) → List[Element][source]

Returns all elements that are of the given chemical phase.

Parameters:: phase (ChemicalPhase) – This should be one of the valid options from the ChemicalPhase class.
Returns:: elems – A list of elements that are associated with the given chemical phase.
Return type:: List[Element]

getElementsByChemicalGroup(group: ChemicalGroup) → List[Element][source]

Returns all elements that are of the given chemical group.

Parameters:: group (ChemicalGroup) – This should be one of the valid options from the ChemicalGroup class.
Returns:: elems – A list of elements that are associated with the given chemical group.
Return type:: List[Element]

getName(z: int = None, symbol: str = None) → str[source]

Returns element name.

Parameters:

z (int) – Atomic number
symbol (str) – Element abbreviation e.g. ‘Zr’

Examples

>>> elements.getName(10)
'Neon'
>>> elements.getName(symbol='Ne')
'Neon'

getSymbol(z: int = None, name: str = None) → str[source]

Returns element abbreviation given atomic number Z.

Parameters:

z (int) – Atomic number
name (str) – Element name E.g. Zirconium

Examples

>>> elements.getSymbol(10)
'Ne'
>>> elements.getSymbol(name='Neon')
'Ne'

getElementZ(symbol: str = None, name: str = None) → int[source]

Get element atomic number given a symbol or name.

Parameters:

symbol (str) – Element symbol e.g. ‘Zr’
name (str) – Element name e.g. ‘Zirconium’

Examples

>>> elements.getZ('Zr')
40
>>> elements.getZ(name='Zirconium')
40

Notes

Element Z is stored in elementZBySymbol, indexed by upper-case element symbol.