Source code for armi.materials.thoriumOxide

# Copyright 2019 TerraPower, LLC
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

"""
Thorium Oxide solid ceramic.

Data is from [IAEA-TECDOC-1450]_.

.. [IAEA-TECDOC-1450] Thorium fuel cycle -- Potential benefits and challenges, IAEA-TECDOC-1450 (2005).
    https://www-pub.iaea.org/mtcd/publications/pdf/te_1450_web.pdf

The data in this file exists for testing and demonstration purposes only. Developers of ARMI applications can refer to
this file for a fully worked example of an ARMI material. And this material has proven useful for testing. The data
contained in this file should not be used in production simulations.
"""

from armi import runLog
from armi.materials.material import FuelMaterial, Material, SimpleSolid
from armi.utils.units import getTk




class ThoriumOxide(FuelMaterial, SimpleSolid):
    propertyValidTemperature = {"linear expansion": ((298, 1223), "K")}

    def __init__(self):
        Material.__init__(self)
        self.refDens = 10.00



    def applyInputParams(self, TD_frac=None, *args, **kwargs):
        if TD_frac is not None:
            if TD_frac > 1.0:
                runLog.warning(
                    f"Theoretical density frac for {self} is {TD_frac}, which is >1",
                    single=True,
                    label="Large theoretical density",
                )
            elif TD_frac == 0:
                runLog.warning(
                    f"Theoretical density frac for {self} is zero!",
                    single=True,
                    label="Zero theoretical density",
                )
            elif TD_frac < 0:
                runLog.error(
                    "TD_frac is entered as negative. This is not allowed!",
                    single=True,
                    label="Negative TD_frac",
                )
            self.adjustTD(TD_frac)

        FuelMaterial.applyInputParams(self, *args, **kwargs)




    def setDefaultMassFracs(self):
        r"""ThO2 mass fractions. Using Pure Th-232. 100% 232.

        Thorium: 232.030806 g/mol
        Oxygen:  15.9994 g/mol

        2 moles of oxygen/1 mole of Thorium

        grams of Th-232 = 232.030806 g/mol* 1 mol  =  232.030806 g
        grams of Oxygen = 15.9994 g/mol* 2 mol = 31.9988 g
        total=264.029606 g.
        Mass fractions are computed from this.
        """
        self.setMassFrac("TH232", 0.8788)
        self.setMassFrac("O16", 0.1212)




    def linearExpansion(self, Tk=None, Tc=None):
        r"""Linear expansion in m/m/K from IAEA TE 1450."""
        Tk = getTk(Tc, Tk)
        self.checkPropertyTempRange("linear expansion", Tk)

        return 9.67e-6




    def linearExpansionPercent(self, Tk=None, Tc=None):
        """
        Approximate the linear thermal expansion percent from the linear expansion
        coefficient, taking 298K as the reference temperature.
        """
        Tk = getTk(Tc=Tc, Tk=Tk)
        linearExpansionCoef = self.linearExpansion(Tk=Tk)

        return 100 * (linearExpansionCoef * (Tk - 298))




    def thermalConductivity(self, Tk=None, Tc=None):
        r"""Thermal conductivity in W/m-K from IAEA TE 1450."""
        return 6.20




    def meltingPoint(self):
        r"""Melting point in K from IAEA TE 1450."""
        return 3643.0




    def density(self, Tk=None, Tc=None):
        return Material.density(self, Tk, Tc) * self.getTD()






class ThO2(ThoriumOxide):
    """Another name for ThoriumOxide."""

    pass