# Copyright 2019 TerraPower, LLC
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
"""
Lead-Bismuth eutectic.
This is a great coolant for superfast neutron reactors. It's heavy though.
"""
import math
from armi.materials import material
from armi.utils.units import getTk
[docs]class LeadBismuth(material.Fluid):
"""Lead bismuth eutectic."""
propertyValidTemperature = {
"density": ((400, 1300), "K"),
"dynamic visc": ((400, 1100), "K"),
"heat capacity": ((400, 1100), "K"),
"thermal conductivity": ((400, 1100), "K"),
"volumetric expansion": ((400, 1300), "K"),
}
[docs] def setDefaultMassFracs(self):
r"""Mass fractions."""
self.setMassFrac("PB", 0.445)
self.setMassFrac("BI209", 0.555)
[docs] def pseudoDensity(self, Tk=None, Tc=None):
r"""Density in g/cc from V. sobolev/ J Nucl Mat 362 (2007) 235-247."""
Tk = getTk(Tc, Tk)
self.checkPropertyTempRange("density", Tk)
return 11.096 - 0.0013236 * Tk # pre-converted from kg/m^3 to g/cc
[docs] def dynamicVisc(self, Tk=None, Tc=None):
r"""Dynamic viscosity in Pa-s from Sobolev.
Accessed online at:
http://www.oecd-nea.org/science/reports/2007/nea6195-handbook.html on 11/9/12
"""
Tk = getTk(Tc, Tk)
self.checkPropertyTempRange("dynamic visc", Tk)
return 4.94e-4 * math.exp(754.1 / Tk)
[docs] def heatCapacity(self, Tk=None, Tc=None):
r"""Heat ccapacity in J/kg/K from Sobolev. Expected accuracy 5%."""
Tk = getTk(Tc, Tk)
self.checkPropertyTempRange("heat capacity", Tk)
return 159 - 2.72e-2 * Tk + 7.12e-6 * Tk**2
[docs] def thermalConductivity(self, Tk=None, Tc=None):
r"""Thermal conductivity in W/m/K from Sobolev.
Accessed online at:
http://www.oecd-nea.org/science/reports/2007/nea6195-handbook.html on 11/9/12
"""
Tk = getTk(Tc, Tk)
self.checkPropertyTempRange("thermal conductivity", Tk)
return 2.45 * Tk / (86.334 + 0.0511 * Tk)
[docs] def volumetricExpansion(self, Tk=None, Tc=None):
r"""Volumetric expansion inferred from density.
NOT BASED ON MEASUREMENT.
Done by V. sobolev/ J Nucl Mat 362 (2007) 235-247
"""
Tk = getTk(Tc, Tk)
self.checkPropertyTempRange("volumetric expansion", Tk)
return 1.0 / (8383.2 - Tk)